beim Erstellen eines geeigneten Parsers mit der Apache Xerces Bibliothek (SAX) für ein bestimmtes XML-Format ist mir eine bisher noch nicht begegnete Eigenart in C++ (oder gar Xerces?) untergekommen. Wenn ich Attribute des Typs XercesString (Entnommen aus http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/xml/library/x-xercc/) in meinem eigenen Handler (erbt von der Xerces-Klasse "DefaultHandler") als statisch deklariere, erhalte ich nach erfolgreichem Kompilieren und Starten einen Segmentation Fault, der vor (!) der Main-Funktion auftritt. Sinn des Ganzen soll eine Optimierung des Codes sein. Jedenfalls funktionieren diese Attribute als nicht-statische Elemente der Klasse einwandfrei. Richtig deklariert und vor allem initialisiert sollten diese statischen Attribute sein. Jedenfalls geht es ohne Weiteres mit dem Typ std::string aus der STL. Wie kann es also sein, dass ein einzelnes statisches Attribut einen solch fatalen Fehler auslöst?

Ich bin dankbar für jede Antwort!

#ifndef XERCESSTRING_H_
#define XERCESSTRING_H_

#include <util/XMLString.hpp>

namespace Utils {

namespace String {

#ifdef XERCES_CPP_NAMESPACE_USE
XERCES_CPP_NAMESPACE_USE
#endif

class XercesString
{
	XMLCh *_wstr;
public:
	XercesString() : _wstr(0L) { };
	XercesString(const char *str);
	XercesString(XMLCh *wstr);
	XercesString(const XMLCh *wstr);
	XercesString(const XercesString &copy);
	~XercesString();
	bool append(const XMLCh *tail);
	bool erase(const XMLCh *head, const XMLCh *tail);
	const XMLCh* begin() const;
	const XMLCh* end() const;
	int size() const;
	XMLCh & operator [] (const int i);
	const XMLCh operator [] (const int i) const;
	operator const XMLCh * () const { return _wstr; };
	void operator = (const char *str) { _wstr = XMLString::transcode(str); }
};

}

}

#endif /* XERCESSTRING_H_ */

#include "XercesString.h"

namespace Utils {

namespace String {

	XercesString::XercesString(const char *str) : _wstr(NULL)
	{
	  _wstr = XMLString::transcode(str);
	}

	XercesString::XercesString(XMLCh *wstr) : _wstr(wstr) { };

	XercesString::XercesString(const XMLCh *wstr) : _wstr(NULL)
	{
	  _wstr = XMLString::replicate(wstr);
	}

	XercesString::XercesString(const XercesString &right) : _wstr(NULL)
	{
	  _wstr = XMLString::replicate(right._wstr);
	}

	XercesString::~XercesString()
	{
	  // thanks tinny!!
	  if (_wstr) XMLString::release(&_wstr);
	}

	bool XercesString::append(const XMLCh *tail)
	{
	  int iTailLen = XMLString::stringLen(tail);
	  int iWorkLen = XMLString::stringLen(_wstr);
	  XMLCh *result = new XMLCh[ iWorkLen + iTailLen + 1 ];
	  bool bOK = result != NULL;
	  if (bOK)
	  {
		XMLCh *target = result;
		XMLString::moveChars(target, _wstr, iWorkLen);
		target += iWorkLen;
		XMLString::moveChars(target, tail, iTailLen);
		target += iTailLen;
		*target++ = 0;
		XMLString::release(&_wstr);
		_wstr = result;
	  }
	  return bOK;
	}

	bool XercesString::erase(const XMLCh *head, const XMLCh *tail)
	{
	  bool bOK = head <= tail && head >= begin() && tail <= end();
	  if (bOK)
	  {
		XMLCh *result = new XMLCh[ size() - (tail - head) + 1 ];
		XMLCh *target = result;
		bOK = target != NULL;
		if (bOK)
		{
		  const XMLCh *cursor = begin();

		  while (cursor != head) *target++ = *cursor++;
		  cursor = tail;
		  while ( cursor != end() ) *target++ = *cursor++;
		  *target ++ = 0;
		  XMLString::release(&_wstr);
		  _wstr = result;
		}
	  }
	  return bOK;
	}

	const XMLCh* XercesString::begin() const
	{
	  return _wstr;
	}

	const XMLCh* XercesString::end() const
	{
	  return _wstr + size();
	}

	int XercesString::size() const
	{
	  return XMLString::stringLen(_wstr);
	}

	XMLCh & XercesString::operator [] (const int i)
	{
	  return _wstr[i];
	}

	const XMLCh XercesString::operator [] (const int i) const
	{
	  return _wstr[i];
	}

}

}

#ifndef UNITHANDLER_H_
#define UNITHANDLER_H_

#include <SFML/Graphics.hpp>
#include <SFML/Audio/Sound.hpp>

#include <sax2/DefaultHandler.hpp>

#include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp>

#include <cstdlib>
#include <string>
#include <map>

#include "../Graphics/AnimatedSprite.h"
#include "../Utils/String/XercesString.h"

#ifdef XERCES_CPP_NAMESPACE_USE
XERCES_CPP_NAMESPACE_USE
#endif

using namespace Engine::Graphics;

using namespace Utils::String; /* XercesString */

namespace Engine {

namespace Serialization {

/*
 * An instance of the structure sprite_set contains sprites of
 * a specified action of the unit including all sub sprites like
 * holding a weapon.
 */
struct action_set
{
	std::string m_strAction;

	sf::Image m_image;
	sf::Sound m_sound;

	std::map<std::string, AnimatedSprite> m_sprites;

	action_set(std::string& strAction) : m_strAction(strAction) { };
	action_set() { };
	AnimatedSprite* operator[](std::string spriteKey) { return &m_sprites[spriteKey]; };
};

/*
 * An instance of the UnitHandler provides methods for filling
 * a unit using a XML file as source. Its mostly used by an in-
 * stance of SAX2XMLReader.
 */
class UnitHandler : public DefaultHandler
{
private:
	/*
	 * Debug mode on/off
	 */
	static const bool m_bDebug = true;

	/* Tags */

	static std::string m_strTest;

	/* Folgendes Attribut würde den besagten Fehler auslösen */
	static const XercesString m_tstrActions;

	XercesString m_tstrAction;
	XercesString m_tstrSprite;
	XercesString m_tstrStart;
	XercesString m_tstrRun;
	XercesString m_tstrStop;
	XercesString m_tstrFrame;

	/* Attributes */
	XercesString m_astrName;
	XercesString m_astrLow;
	XercesString m_astrNormal;
	XercesString m_astrHigh;
	XercesString m_astrSound;
	XercesString m_astrLeft;
	XercesString m_astrTop;
	XercesString m_astrRight;
	XercesString m_astrBottom;
	XercesString m_astrDelay;

	std::map<std::string, action_set>* m_pActions;

	std::map<std::string, action_set>::iterator m_ActionsIterator;

	std::map<std::string, AnimatedSprite>::iterator m_SpriteIterator;

	boost::shared_ptr< std::vector<Frame> > m_pTmpFrames;

	bool m_bUsePhysFS;

	/*
	 * Boolean variables used by the XML Parser
	 */
	bool m_bFile;
public:
	/*
	 * Creates a new instance of UnitHandler using a given unit as
	 * argument. The given unit will be filled with data (for example
	 * sprites) using a xml file as source.
	 */
	UnitHandler(std::map<std::string, action_set>& actions, bool usePhysFS);
	virtual ~UnitHandler();

	virtual void startDocument();
	virtual void endDocument();

	virtual void startElement(
	const XMLCh* const uri,
	const XMLCh* const localname,
	const XMLCh* const qname,
	const Attributes& attrs);

	virtual void endElement(
	const XMLCh* const uri,
	const XMLCh* const localname,
	const XMLCh* const qname);

	virtual void characters(
	const XMLCh* const chars,
	const unsigned int length);

};

}

}

#endif /* UNITHANDLER_H_ */

#include "UnitHandler.h"
#include <sax2/Attributes.hpp>

#include "../Utils/String/XercesString.h"

namespace Engine {

namespace Serialization {

	/* Initialisierung des Attributes, welches den Fehler auslöst */
	const XercesString UnitHandler::m_tstrActions("actions");

	UnitHandler::UnitHandler(std::map<std::string, action_set>& actions, bool usePhysFS) : m_pActions(&actions), m_bUsePhysFS(usePhysFS) {

		//m_tstrActions = "actions";
		m_tstrAction = "action";
		m_tstrSprite = "sprite";
		m_tstrStart = "start";
		m_tstrRun = "run";
		m_tstrStop = "stop";
		m_tstrFrame = "frame";
		m_astrName = "name";
		m_astrLow = "low";
		m_astrNormal = "normal";
		m_astrHigh = "high";
		m_astrSound = "sound";
		m_astrLeft = "left";
		m_astrTop = "top";
		m_astrRight = "right";
		m_astrBottom = "bottom";
		m_astrDelay = "delay";

	}

	UnitHandler::~UnitHandler() {

	}

	void UnitHandler::startDocument()
	{
		if(m_bDebug) std::cout << "_start document_" << std::endl;
	}

	void UnitHandler::endDocument()
	{
		if(m_bDebug) std::cout << "_end document_" << std::endl;
	}

	void UnitHandler::startElement(const XMLCh *const uri, const XMLCh *const localname, const XMLCh *const qname, const Attributes & attrs)
	{
		if(m_bDebug) std::cout << "__start Element__" << std::endl;

		try
		{
			if(!XMLString::compareString(localname, m_tstrAction))
			{
				std::string strName(XMLString::transcode(attrs.getValue(m_astrName)));
				std::string strImage(XMLString::transcode(attrs.getValue(m_astrLow)));

				m_pActions->insert(std::make_pair(strName, action_set(strName)));
				m_ActionsIterator = m_pActions->find(strName);

				if(m_bUsePhysFS){
					/* Load image using physicsFS [NOT IMPLEMENTED]*/
				}
				else
				{
					m_ActionsIterator->second.m_image.LoadFromFile(strImage);
					m_ActionsIterator->second.m_image.CreateMaskFromColor(sf::Color(255,0,255,255), 0);
				}
			}
			else if(m_pActions->size())
			{
				if(!XMLString::compareString(localname, m_tstrSprite))
				{
					std::string strName(XMLString::transcode(attrs.getValue(m_astrName)));
					m_ActionsIterator->second.m_sprites.insert(std::make_pair(strName, AnimatedSprite()));
					m_SpriteIterator = m_ActionsIterator->second.m_sprites.find(strName);
					m_SpriteIterator->second.SetImage(m_ActionsIterator->second.m_image);
				}
				else if(!XMLString::compareString(localname, m_tstrRun))
				{
					boost::shared_ptr< std::vector<Frame> > pFrames(new std::vector<Frame>());
					m_pTmpFrames = pFrames;
				}
				else if(!XMLString::compareString(localname, m_tstrFrame))
				{
					std::string strLeft(XMLString::transcode(attrs.getValue(m_astrLeft)));
					std::string strTop(XMLString::transcode(attrs.getValue(m_astrTop)));
					std::string strRight(XMLString::transcode(attrs.getValue(m_astrRight)));
					std::string strBottom(XMLString::transcode(attrs.getValue(m_astrBottom)));
					std::string strDelay(XMLString::transcode(attrs.getValue(m_astrDelay)));

					m_pTmpFrames->push_back(Frame(IntRect(atoi(strLeft.c_str()),
														  atoi(strTop.c_str()),
														  atoi(strRight.c_str()),
														  atoi(strBottom.c_str())), static_cast<float>(atof(strDelay.c_str()))));
				}
			}
		}
		catch(std::exception &e)
		{
			std::cerr << "Caught " << e.what() << std::endl;
		}

	}

	void UnitHandler::characters(const XMLCh *const chars, const unsigned int length)
	{
		if(m_bDebug) std::cout << "___characters___" << std::endl;
	}

	void UnitHandler::endElement(const XMLCh *const uri, const XMLCh *const localname, const XMLCh *const qname)
	{
		if(m_bDebug) std::cout << "__end Element__" << std::endl;

		if(!XMLString::compareString(localname, m_tstrRun))
		{
			m_SpriteIterator->second.SetSubRectangles(m_pTmpFrames);
		}
	}

}

}